Typewriter system

ABSTRACT

An editing typewriter system having a typewriter, two magnetic tape cassettes and control logic. Representative of its operational features are its ability to learn a format including margins and tabs, line spacing and number of lines per page, as well as its ability automatically to indent and automatically to tabulate by aligning the decimal points of a column of numbers. During recording, it can be operated to center headings, insert memos, pre-hyphenate, underline and combine symbols. Corrections can be made while recording simply by backspacing and striking over without retyping the remainder of the line, or the entire line can be erased if desired. After recording, it has the ability to search and index to a desired line solely by reference to the initial symbols of that line, after which the system can be operated to print out that line in whole or part for revision by inserting or deleting as required. Transfer can be accomplished directly from cassette to cassette for editing so that it is unnecessary to print anything except the revisions. During playback, the right margin may be changed, adjusted within a variable space adjust zone and even justified.

Koplow et a1.

United States Patent [191 1 TYPEWRITER SYSTEM [751' Inventors: Harold Stanley Koplow, Peabody;

Fritz Eberle, Lowell; Shu-Kuang H0, Chelmsford; Edward Lesnick, Carlisle, all of Mass.

[73] Assignee: Wang Laboratories, Inc.,

Tewksbury, Mass.

[22] Filed: Oct. 18, 1972 [21] App]. No.: 298,664

[52] US. Cl 197/19, 197/178, 95/45 [51] Int. Cl B4lj 5/30 [58] Field of Search 197/19, 1, 20, 84 R, 84 A,

[56] References Cited v UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,926,769 3/1960 Toeppen 197/178 3,025,941 3/1962 Blodgett et a1. 197/20 3,031,647 4/1962 Dirks 340/1725 3,260,340 7/1966 Locklar et al. 197/20 3,294,856 12/1966 Jenkins et a1 197/1 X 3,297,124 1/1967 Sims 197/19 3,413,624 11/1968 Murdoch et a1. 197/20 X 3,512,132 5/1970 Jones et a1. 197/19 X 3,579,193 5/1971 Bernier l97/19X 3,674,125 7/1972 Kolpek 197/19 1 LOGIC [451 May 28, 1974 Primary Examiner-Robert E. Bagwill Assistant Examiner-R. T. Rader [57] ABSTRACT An editing typewriter system having a typewriter, two magnetic tape cassettes and control logic. Representative of its operational features are its ability to learn a format including margins and tabs, line spacing and number of lines per page, as well as its ability automatically to indent and automatically to tabulate by aligning the decimal points of a column of numbers. During recording, it can be operated to center headings, insert memos, pre-hyphenate, underline and combine symbols. Corrections can be made while recording simply by backspacing and striking over without retyping the remainder of the line, or the entire line can be erased if desired. After recording, it has the ability to search and index to a desired line solely by reference to' the initial symbols of that line, after which thesystem can be operated to print out that line in whole or part for revision by inserting or deleting as required. Transfer can be accomplished directly from cassette to cassette for editing so that it is unnecessary to print anything except the revisions. During playback, the right margin may be changed, adjusted within a variable space adjust zone and even justified.

12 Claims, 42 Drawing Figures PA'IENTEIIIMIEB IIIII M12345 SHEET DBIIF 39 242 240 242 246 244 246 FIG 4 I I BELL TAPE TAPE TYPEWRITER' DRIVE 236 DRIVE T- T T T I L R I KEYBOARD I 23s 2 I TAPE UNIT I I v n I4 I2 I04 I02 I06 I I I READONU CENTRAL I MOS I I MEMORY PROCESSOR MEMORY I I I L. nfqyfiq;%@ F m0 ToImz I55 I56 I58 I60 I62 I64 I66 I68 I70 I72 I74 I76 11g READ ONLY MEMORY CENTRAL I I I AI I PROCESSOR bud bh be |86 I82 3 0| bI zo 00p ucbc mop kk sIoI b JGCI h I g ICA PATENTEIIIIAI 28 Ian sIIm as 0F 39 0 23456789ABCDEF TAPE BUFFER I 0000000000000000 I I 0000000000000000 1 0000000000000000 0000000000 00000000'00000000 1' SETTINGS KEYBOARD OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO INPUT BUFFER OOOOOOOOOOOO OOOO OOOOOOQJOOOOOOOO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I D OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO E OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO F OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO MOS MEMORY PATENTEU MAY 28 1974 saw as or 39 RESET INITIALIzATION END OF DOC REWIND STOP REWIND GO RWS RWG TAB REQ TAB EoD,

UNDERsCoRE HYPHEN RESET FROM 40 REwIND 302 304 306 H TAPE 7 CYCLE CHECK KEYBOARD QQ AND PLAYBACK CHA TER FROM 36 KEYS FORWARD wIND UPDATE TAPE PLAYBACK ggg g STATUS FROM 58 POWER ON NO Jg INITIALIZATION EQUF'ES'IED 300 FROM l3 LRN DELETE 320 CHARACTER DLT IN BUFFER 3 l6 3 8 wRITE FORMAT ON TAPE WFB SEARCH I SEARCH PROCESS LsP L05 LOAD 35R CODE ":1" SEARCH SEARCH 308 BUFFER TAPE BKs 3l2\ CARRIER RETURN CRL RCR REM SET FLAG SEARCH FOR REQUIRED CARRIER RETURN FOR MEMO MEMO/FORMAT MEM MEMO OR CTR FOUND CENTER CODE RFB SET FLAG fi sPACE F SPC FORFORMAT SWITCH/READ SWR BLK BLOCK LINK 7.!)JORMAL CHARACTER Eg H$ P+EN REQ sPACE FORMAT REQ BACKsPACE TYPE ENTER MEM FORMAT LRT LINE RETURN TO CYC LE PATENTEBIIII 28 L974 SHEET m 0? 39 PLAY DECODE CHARACTER CRL REPLACES TAB J RTB REPLACE RTB TAB,RTB,OR SPC CTR CENTER LINE SPC wITH CRL AND TYPE, IF NEEDED FOR TRANSFER LINE EJECT f :I P HYPHBI lGNORED LSP SET FLAG OR DELETED IGNORE HYPHEN S $3 IF IN ADJUST BEFORE ZONE FHEN DELETE HYPHEN SEARCH IF JUSTIFY OPPOSITE TAPE BEFORE ZONE FOR MEMO MEM AUTO ASSEMBLY FLAG NORMAL CHARACTER TRANSFER RQ STP MEMO /FORMAT RSP RSK BLOCK I-2 SPACES REPLACE CRL REPLACE CRL WITH l-2 SPC'S ENTER FOR NEEDED FOR CRL FORMAT INTO ADJUST/JrldSTlFY MAC INE 4 JUSTIFY WRITE LI E RWG REWIND TAPE JUSTIFY TRANSFER SPACE REWIND BLOCK INSERTING wRITE LINE R IF TRANSFER REwIND TAPE JUSTIFY END PLAYBACK TRANSFER REWIND BLOCK SwR DELETED SWWCH TAPE SELEC'HON wRITE LINE SWR TYPE CHARACTER 'IF.TRANSFER IF NOT SKIP OR JUSTIFY DELETE REWIND DELETE CHARACTER IF JUSTIFY I.

OPPOSITE IF SKIP A TAPE DELETE BLK BLK DELETED IF JUSTIFY ELK EOD END PLAYBACK IF JUSTIFY wRITE LINE TRANSFER EOD BLOCK TYPE LINE IF TRANSFER LIGHT EOD LITE PATENIEDHAY 2 8 I974 SHEET 8 HF 39 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 H00 000 000 000 H00 00H 0H0 0H0 00H 000 H00 H00 0H0 0H0 00H HHO 000 H00 HHO 000 00H 000 H00 HHO HOH H00 H00 HOH 000 HOH 000 000 000 000 HHH 000 H00 H00 0H0 0H0 000 000 H00 000 0H0 0H0 H00 000 000 H00 000 000 000 H00 00 Q0'3000OQOOOOQOOQOOQOOQOQOOOOOOOC 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 HOHH 0000 0000 0000 HOHH 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 HHHH H000 0000 H000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 H000 0000 H000 0000 0000 0000 0HHO 0000 HHHO 0000 0HHH 0HHH HOHH 0H00 000H 0H00 00HH 00HH 00H0 0HHO HH00 0000 0HHH OHHH 0HHO 0000 0H00 0000 00H0 00H0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0HHO 0000 0HHO 0000 0HHO 0HHO 0HHO 0000 0000 000H 0H00 0HHO 0000 0HHO 0000 0000 0000 0HHO 0HHO 0000 0000 0000 HH00 0HHO (0 OOOQCOCO-40flOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOHOv-iOGv-l 1 CHO OOO OOOOQOO 'iOO 'OOI-(OOOOHOPIOOH H00 000 000 H00 000 H00 000 000 000 0HH 000 000 H0 000 000 HOH 000 000 000 000 H00 000 H00 HOH 000 H00 000 HOH 000 HOH 000 000 000 000 000 H00 H00 000 000 H00 H00 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 HHH 000 000 000 000 000 HHH 000 000 0HH H00 000 H00 000 000 0HH 000 000 000 0H0 H00 HHO 000 0HH H00 HHO 000 HHH H00 000 0H0 HOH H00 000 000 000 H00 000 000 0HH 0 000 000 ON 00 0.00::

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1. A line searching typewriter system capable of indexing to a desired line solely by the alpha-numeric symbols of that line, comprising a keyboard with a plurality of symbol printing keys providing alphanumeric printing signals line end signal means providing line end signals and search function means providing a search signal type means having a plurality of corresponding alphanumeric printing symbols, said type means being operable in response to said printing signals to print said symbols in a line means for providing movement of a sheet relative to said type means to provide for printing a plurality of lines of symbols recording means for recording said symbol and line end signals and control logic means having first means for storing a plurality of said symbol printing signals and a said line end signal together comprising a recorded line and second means for storing a plurality of symbol printing signals comprising at least a portion of a line to be searched for, said control logic means being responsive to said search signal and to said symbol printing signals stored in said second means to locate said desired line solely by reference to the said symbol printing signals comprising said line, the symbol printing signals of said desired line being then available to control operation of said type means to print said line of symbols.
 2. A typewriter system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said portion of the symbols of a desired line are its initial symbols.
 3. A typewriter system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means providing line end signals includes a return key.
 4. A typewriter system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for providing movement of a sheet is a rotatable platen.
 5. A typewriter system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said type means includes a horizontally movable type head having a plurality of corresponding alpha-numeric printing symbols, said type head being operable in response to said printing signals to print said symbols and being horizontally movable in response to horizontal function signals to print said symbols in a line.
 6. A line searching typewriter system capable of indexing to a desired line solely by the initial alpha-numeric symbols of that line, comprising a keyboard with a plurality of symbol printing keys providing alpha-numeric printing signals line end signal means providing line end signals and search function means providing a search signal type means having a plurality of corresponding alpha-numeric printing symbols, said type means being operable in response to said printing signals to print said symbols in a line terminated responsive to a said line end signal means for providing movement of a sheet relative to said type means to provide for printing a plurality of said lines of symbols recording means for recording said symbol and line end signals and control logic means having storage means for storing said symbol and line end signals, having a first search buffer portion and a second recording means buffer portion, said control means being responsive to said search signal and to said symbol printing keys upon printing the initial symbols of a desired line to store said initial symbol signals into said search buffer portion, successively to store lines of symbol signals terminating in a said line end signal from said recording means into said recording means buffer portion, and to perform for each line a symbol-by-symbol comparison of the contents of said first buffer portion with the contents of said second buffer portion until the desired line is found, identifying said desired line solely by the initial symbols of said line said desired line of symbol signals in said second buffer portion being then available to control operation of said type means to print said line of symbols.
 7. The typewriter system of claim 6 in which said control logic means further provides computation means connected to said storage means and a read-only memory connected to said computation means and containing a plurality of predetermined control words, each said predetermined control word including a predetermined set of fields, said fields including a plurality of computation means control fields and a further field for determining the next control word to be accessed, one of said control fields controlling the transfer of signals between said computation means and said storage means, said computation means including means responsive to said control fields for controlling the operation of said computation means, said computation means being responsive to said search function means to cause said read-only memory to provide a selected series of search control words for controlling the operation of said typewriter system in indexing to a desired line.
 8. A tabulating typewriter system capable of aligning a column of numbers with respect to the virtual decimal points therein, comprising a keyboard with a plurality of symbol printing keys providing alpha-numeric and decimal point printing signals instruction key means providing a tabulation instruction signal and a decimal point alignment instruction signal column setting means providing a signal for setting the desired position of the decimal points of said numbers type means having a plurality of corresponding alpha-numeric and decimal point printing symbols, said symbol printing keys being initially operated to print the initial symbol of a number in alignment with said desired position recording means for recording said symbol signals, and control logic means responsive to said decimal point alignment signal tabulation instruction signal decimal point printing signal and column setting signal to record said symbol and decimal point signals on said recording means with said decimal point aligned with said desired position, said type means being operable in response to said recorded signals to print said numbers and decimal points so aligned.
 9. A typewriter system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said control logic means is responsive to a space following a printing symbol to align said space with said desired position.
 10. The typewriter system of claim 8 wherein said control logic means provides storage means for storage of said printing signals and said column setting signals, said control means being responsive to said decimal point alignment instruction signal to store a corresponding alignment signal into said storage means, responsive to said symbol printing keys to store said alpha-numeric and decimal point printing signals in said storage means with said initial symbol in alignment with said desired position, and responsive to said tabulation instruction signal, said stored column setting signal, said stored corresponding alignment signal and said stored decimal point printing signal to modify said stored printing signals to align said decimal point signal with said desired position.
 11. The typewriter system of claim 10 in which said control logic means further provides computation means connected to said storage means and a read-only memory connected to said computation means and containing a plurality of predetermined control words, each said predetermined control word including a predetermined set of fields, said fields including a plurality of computation means control fields and a further field for determining the next control word to be accessed, one of said control fields controlling the transfer of signals between said computation means and said storage means, said computation means including means responsive to said control fields for controlling the operation of said computation means, said computation means being responsive to said decimal point alignment instruction signal to cause said read-only memory to provide a selected series of alignment signal control words for controlling the storage of said corresponding alignment signal into said storage means, and responsive to said tabulation instruction signal, said stored column setting signal, said stored corresponding alignment signal and said stored decimal point printing signal to cause said read-only memory to provide a selected series of decimal tabulation control words for controlling the alignment of said decimal point with said desired position.
 12. An editing typewriter system capable of printing lines of symbols centered with respect to selected margins in response to uncentered input lines, comprising a keyboard with a plurality of symbol printing keys providing alpha-numeric symbol printing signals and function keys providing function signals, line end signal means providing a line end signal defining a line left and right margin setting means providing margin setting signals defining left and right margins centering key means providing a centering instruction signal type means having a plurality of corresponding alpha-numeric printing symbols, said type means being operable in response to said symbol printing and function signals, recording means for recording said symbol and function signals, line end signal and centering instruction signal playback request means for initiating operation of said type means in response to said recorded symbol and function signals, storage means for storage of said recorded signals and said margin setting signals and control means responsive to said playback request means to transfer a line of said recorded signals from said recording means to said storage means, to said stored centering instruction signal, line end signal, and symbol and function signals to provide a count signal of the total spaces to be occupied by said line of signals when typed, to said count signal and said left and right margin setting signals to derive an initial positioning signal, and to said stored centering instruction signal, said initial positioning signal and said stored symbol and function signals to operate said type means to print said line of symbols centered with respect to said left and right margin settings. 